Much of the energy efficiency "low-hanging fruit" has already been picked, with homes requiring wall insulation outnumbering those needing loft and window improvements, according to an influential thinktank. The Resolution Foundation has warned that under the present system homeowners lack financial incentives to carry out such works. According to its calculations, the average £8,000 per property upfront expense of insulating walls would take 18 years to recoup through bill savings,